A Novel Model for Optimization of Resource Utilization in Smart Agriculture System Using IoT

Aim:

            The mainstay of the project is to monitor the different values of the soil and to correct the value by adding necessary ingredients to achieve the desired value for crops Using IoT.

Introduction:

             In this concept  use onsite sensors that sense different parameters, such as soil moisture, air moisture, air quality, air temperature, soil temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, wind direction, rain detection, etc. and send all data to their server or cloud for processing . use this data for crop irrigation, fertilization, and pesticide usage prediction, which produce good quality yield at a low cost. One of them is smart irrigation, which processes real-time sensors data from fields and acts accordingly to save maximum water during irrigation. The second module is smart fertigation, which calculates fertilizers requirement and injects, it during irrigation in an optimized manner. All modules have interfaces to communicate with each other and use other data. Many controllers, such as Arduino, ESP32 cam and Node MCU, will use to provide interfacing with different sensors and actuators. Soil pH is very vital for all life on agriculture. For a farmer, knowing how much of soil pH (Potential of Hydrogen) is very important. By detecting of the soil pH, it will be easier for a farmer to decide for certain agriculture plants.one of the important  aims at develop an automatic soil pH detecting system for Farmer to visualize the soil pH demand and pH sensor will decide also whether or not to drain nutrients. IoT helps to access information and make major decision making process by getting different values from sensors. The main objective of this paper is to build a tool that allows real-time control of the pH level of a specific solution or product using the Internet of Things (IoT) concept. Specifically, this tool is made of an Esp node that is connected to both a designed mobile app and a physical device using the internet. This app allows the user to choose either automatic or manual control modes.

Proposed System:

           In order to control and monitoring system is designed and implemented using IoT concept. The system consists of which includes all sensors, PCB, MCU with communication hardware, and low-level protocols. Arduino, Esp 32 cam, Node MCU, different sensors used in this framework with their controllers, actuators, etc. which is the control element in the system which gets the current value .In the auto-controlling mode, the system will behave as a feedback control scheme where the user will be requested to specify the desired pH value. If the value of the pH is changed, due to an external disturbance,pumps will inject more of the acidic or alkaline solution as needed. The quantity added will be based on the readings of the sensor to fix the value Besides, if the user selects the manual control status, he should set the amounts of acidic and alkaline solutions in each pumping process. Accordingly, if the user chooses the acidic solution button, the pump is going to pump a specific amount of the acidic solution for one time only. The ESP32cam also collects other data for monitoring and bird/animal scaring.