Design of a Search and Rescue Robot Based on Fire hazards

Aim:

        The Mainstay of the project is  to develop an autonomous firefighting robot that integrates AI for person detection, real-time video streaming, and obstacle avoidance. The system enhances firefighter safety and efficiency by providing autonomous navigation and fire suppression in hazardous environments.

Introduction:

            Firefighting is a dangerous and challenging task that often requires firefighters to enter hazardous environments to rescue individuals and extinguish fires. To enhance safety and efficiency, we propose an AI-powered autonomous firefighting robot that can navigate fire-prone areas, detect obstacles, locate trapped individuals, and extinguish flames.

          This system is built around a Raspberry Pi, which serves as the primary controller, integrating multiple sensors and actuators to enable autonomous operation. A USB camera continuously streams live footage to a web server, allowing firefighters to monitor real-time conditions remotely. Additionally, an AI-based person detection model is implemented, enabling the robot to identify individuals in distress. Once a person is detected, control of the robot is transferred to the firefighter for manual operation.

          For autonomous navigation, an ultrasonic sensor is employed to detect and avoid obstacles, ensuring smooth movement. Fire detection is achieved using three flame sensors, which are connected to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to determine fire intensity. If the flame level reaches a minimum threshold, a pump motor, controlled via a relay, activates to extinguish the fire.

       The robotic system is designed on a four-wheeled platform, driven by two DC motors and a motor driver. A 12V battery powers the motors and actuators, while the Raspberry Pi operates on a power bank for efficient energy management.

    By combining autonomous movement, fire suppression, AI-based person detection, and real-time monitoring, this firefighting robot significantly reduces the risks faced by firefighters, improving response time and effectiveness in critical situations.

Proposed System:

        The proposed system is an AI-powered autonomous firefighting robot designed to enhance firefighter safety and efficiency. The robot is controlled by a Raspberry Pi, which integrates multiple sensors and actuators to enable autonomous navigation, fire detection, and real-time monitoring.

       A USB camera continuously streams live footage to a web server, allowing firefighters to monitor fire conditions remotely. An AI-based person detection model analyzes the video feed to identify trapped individuals. Once a person is detected, control of the robot is transferred to the firefighter, enabling manual operation for rescue assistance.

      For autonomous navigation, an ultrasonic sensor detects and avoids obstacles, ensuring smooth movement. Three flame sensors, connected to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), assess fire intensity. If the flame level reaches a minimum threshold, a pump motor, controlled via a relay, is activated to extinguish the fire.

      The robot is built on a four-wheeled platform, powered by two DC motors and a motor driver. A 12V battery supplies power to motors and actuators, while the Raspberry Pi is powered by a power bank.

    By integrating autonomous movement, fire suppression, AI-based person detection, and real-time monitoring, the proposed system significantly reduces firefighter risks and improves fire response efficiency in hazardous environments.