A LoRaWAN IoT Enabled Trash Bin Level Monitoring System

Aim:

           The main aim of the project is to monitor and manage the trash bin in Urban using Lora and IoT.

 Introduction:

          Garbage, is a primary potential source of pollution.  However, it is an inevitable by-product of human activity. Municipal solid waste management remains a major problem in urban areas, leading to serious health and environmental issues.In order to manage solid waste efficiently, trash bins are

Installed in many spots by building managers, municipality, or waste Management companies. Certainly, the municipality or the solid waste management companies operate trucks to collect solid waste on daily basis. 

 If the trash bins are not filled, then there is a waste of fuel and manpower. If the solid waste is scheduled to be collected once a week, trash bins may overflow,spreading waste around the area, polluting the environment, and causing illness to the public. Therefore, there is a need for a real-time remote monitoring system that can alert the municipality or the waste management company about the level of garbage in the trash bins. The technological developments in the sensor design, advancement in communication protocols, and remote monitoring methods can provide effective solutions for the real-time monitoring of trash bins in urban areas.

Objective:

1. The project aims to improve the efficiency of waste management by geo tracking of smart dustbins.
2. To maintain a sustainable environment with inclusion of citizen participation.
3. To decrease human interaction with hazardous waste by using automated sensors instead of manual inspections.

Existing System:

      Radio-frequency identification (RFID)-based systems for the trash bin level monitoring are presented. These systems consist of cameras with a geographic information system installed on the trucks to measure the garbage level of nearby bins. The possibility of unread tags, ghost tags, and the need for image processing algorithms to extract the level of bins are some of the drawbacks of these systems. However, wireless sensor network (WSN)-based bin level monitoring systems overcome the drawbacks of RFID technology.

Proposed System:

           In the proposed system the trash bin will have an ultrasonic sensor connected with a microcontroller along with a Lora wireless transmitter which support long distance wireless communication. The trash bin will be embedded with an rfid tag for a unique identification number. Whenever the trash bin reaches the critical limit of garbage the ultrasonic sensor detects it and the microcontroller transmits to the nearby control center which is in charge of the multiple bins present in the area.

            In the control center there is a Lora receiver connected with a microcontroller and an IoT device. Whenever the information is received about a filled trash bin the controller update the data to an IoT server (firebase). In the other end we have garbage collecting robot which works on the basis of line following which is in charge of the garbage collection of that particular area receives the information and moves to that particular bin and verifies the id by the rfid reader.

         When the verification is done the garbage is transferred from the bin to the truck. We also use a fire sensor to deduct in case of any fire in the bin.